FFmpeg How-To

      Bitrate & Quality Control Modes

      CBR = Constant Bit Rate
      VBR = Variable Bit Rate
      CRF = Constant Rate Factor
      ABR = Average Bit Rate
      VBV = Video Buffering Verifier
      CQP = Constant Quantization Parameter
      
      Framerate & Timing
      
      CFR = Constant Frame Rate
      VFR = Variable Frame Rate
      PTS = Presentation Time Stamp
      DTS = Decoding Time Stamp
      
      Codecs & Compression Standards
      
      AVC = Advanced Video Coding
      HEVC = High Efficiency Video Coding
      AV1 = AOMedia Video 1
      VP8 & 9 = Googles open-source video codec
      MPEG = Moving Picture Experts Group
      AAC = Advanced Audio Coding
      ALAC = Apple Lossless Audio Codec
      FLAC = Free Lossless Audio Codec

      Metadata & Image Information

      GOP = Group of Pictures
      SAR = Sample Aspect Ratio
      DAR = Display Aspect Ratio
      PIX_FMT = Pixel Format
      IDR = Instantaneous Decoder Refresh
    

Use this rate control mode if you are targeting a specific output file size, and if output quality from frame to frame is of less importance. This is best explained with an example. Your video is 10 minutes (600 seconds) long and an output of 200 MiB is desired. The first step is the conversion of the wanted filesize to kbit/s (kilobits per second).

💾 understanding_rate_control_modes_x264_x265.pdf

# H.265/HEVC 2-PASS ENCODING: libx265
ffmpeg -i <input> -c:v libx265 -b:v 1M -x265-params pass=1:vbv-maxrate=1000:vbv-bufsize=2000 -f null /dev/null
ffmpeg -i <input> -c:v libx265 -b:v 1M -x265-params pass=2:vbv-maxrate=1000:vbv-bufsize=2000 <output>

# H.264/AVC 2-PASS ENCODING: libx264
ffmpeg -i <input> -c:v libx264 -b:v 1M -maxrate 2M -bufsize 2M -pass 1 -f null /dev/null
ffmpeg -i <input> -c:v libx264 -b:v 1M -maxrate 2M -bufsize 2M -pass 2 <output>

# standard
ffmpeg -i inputfile -map 0:v -map 0:a -c:v copy -c:a copy outputfile
# alternatively you can use the '-sn' parameter:
ffmpeg -i inputfile -map 0 -sn -codec copy outputfile
# for loop
for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -i "$f" -map 0:v -map 0:a -c:v copy -c:a copy ./working/"${f/.mkv/.x264.mkv}"; done

# standard
ffmpeg -i inputfile -map_chapters -1 outputfile
# for loop
for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -map 0 -map_chapters -1 -codec copy "${f/.mkv/-modified.mkv}"; done

# standard
ffmpeg -i inputfile -f srt -i subtitlefile -map 0:v -map 0:a -map 1:0 -c:v copy -c:a aac -c:s srt outputfile
# for loop
# requires subtitle files in same directory as input file with the same base name and srt file extension
for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -i "$f" -f srt -i "${f/.mkv/.srt}" -map 0:v -map 0:a -map 1:0 -c:v copy -c:a aac -c:s srt ./working/"${f/.mkv/.modified.mkv}"; done

for f in *.mkv; do
audioformat=$(ffprobe -loglevel error -select_streams a:0 -show_entries stream=codec_name -of default=nw=1:nk=1 "$f")
if [ "$audioformat" = "aac" ]; then
  echo -e '\nffprobe detected aac audio streams\nPreparing to copy english audio stream' ; sleep 4
  ffmpeg -i "$f" -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:m:language:ger -map 0:a:m:language:eng -map 0:s:m:language:eng -movflags faststart -c:v libx264 -crf 23 -c:a copy -c:s copy "${f/x265/x264}"
  else
  echo -e '\nffprobe detectable audio streams not equal to aac\nPreparing to transcode with aac' ; sleep 4
  ffmpeg -i "$f" -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:m:language:ger -map 0:a:m:language:eng -map 0:s:m:language:eng -movflags faststart -c:v libx264 -crf 23 -c:a aac -c:s copy "${f/x265/x264}"
fi
done

# standard
ffmpeg -y -i inputfile -f srt -i subtitlefile -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:0 -map 1:0 -movflags faststart -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p -preset slow -disposition:s:0 0 -metadata:s:s:0 language=eng -codec:v libx264 -codec:a copy -codec:s srt outputfile
# for loop
for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -y -i "$f" -f srt -i "${f/.mkv/.srt}" -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:0 -map 1:0 -movflags faststart -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p -preset slow -disposition:s:0 0 -metadata:s:s:0 language=eng -codec:v libx264 -codec:a copy -codec:s srt "${f/.mkv/-modified.mkv}"; done

# standard
ffmpeg -y -i inputfile -map "0:s?" -codec:s copy outputfile
# for loop
for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -y -i "$f" -map "0:s?" -codec:s copy "${f/.mkv/-modified.mkv}"; done

for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -i "$f" -map 0 -filter:a "volume=1.5" -c:v copy -c:a aac -c:s copy "${f/.mkv/-modified.mkv}"; done

ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -c copy -dn -map_metadata:c -1 out.mp4
for f in *.mp4; do ffmpeg -i "$f" -c copy -dn -map_metadata:c -1 "$f"; done

ffmpeg -y -i input.mkv -map 0 -c copy -bsf:v "filter_units=remove_types=6" output.mkv
for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -y -i "$f" -default_mode infer_no_subs -map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:s? -c:v copy -c:a copy -c:s copy -bsf:v "filter_units=remove_types=6" "${f/.mkv/-modified.mkv}"; done

ffmpeg -i inputfile -i subtitlefile -c:v copy -c:a copy -c:s mov_text outputfile
for f in *.mp4; do ffmpeg -y -i "$f" -i "${f/.mp4/.srt}" -c:v copy -c:a copy -c:s mov_text "${f/.mp4/-modified.mp4}"; done

# the trick is to use '-c:s text' instead of '-c:s srt' or '-c:s mov_text' in MP4's
for f in *.mp4; do ffmpeg -y -i "$f" -map 0:s? -c:s text "${f/.mp4/.srt}"; done

# Sample Aspect Ratio = (SAR) and Display Aspect Ratio (DAR)
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -map 0 -aspect 1:1 -codec copy output.mp4
ffmpeg -i input.mkv -map 0 -aspect 2.39 -codec copy output.mkv

ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -c copy -bsf:v "h264_metadata=sample_aspect_ratio=4/3" out.mp4

ffmpeg -i 'input.mkv' -max_muxing_queue_size 400 'output.mkv'

for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -y -i "$f" -codec copy -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng -metadata:s:a:0 title= -metadata:s:s:0 language=eng -metadata:s:s:0 title= ./working/"${f}"; done

ffmpeg -y -i input.mkv -codec copy -metadata comment="Matroska muxer also accepts free-form key/value metadata pairs" -metadata foo="bar" -metadata description="Matroska muxer description" -metadata:s:v:0 title="Video stream title/description" -metadata:s:a:0 title="Audio stream title/description" -metadata:s:s:0 language=eng -metadata:s:s:0 title="Subtitle stream title/description" output.mkv
for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -y -i "$f" -codec copy -metadata comment="Matroska muxer also accepts free-form key/value metadata pairs" -metadata foo="bar" -metadata description="Matroska muxer description" -metadata:s:v:0 title="Video stream title/description" -metadata:s:a:0 title="Audio stream title/description" -metadata:s:s:0 language=eng -metadata:s:s:0 title="Subtitle stream title/description" ./working/"${f}"; done

ffmpeg -y -i input.mkv -f srt -i input.en.srt -map 0:v -map 0:a:1 -map 1:0 -movflags +faststart -metadata:s:v:0 language= -metadata:s:s:0 language=eng -metadata:s:v:0 Title= -metadata:s:a:0 Title= -metadata:s:s:0 Title= -metadata Title="Who Am I (1998)" -disposition 0 -disposition:s:1 default -c:v copy -c:a copy -c:s srt output.mkv

ffmpeg -i inputfile -vcodec libx264 -crf 23 outputfile

ffmpeg -i inputfile -vf "scale=iw/2:ih/2" outputfile

# This method takes care of error: (libx264) "height not divisible by 2"
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20847674/ffmpeg-libx264-height-not-divisible-by-2
# https://superuser.com/questions/624563/how-to-resize-a-video-to-make-it-smaller-with-ffmpeg
ffmpeg -y -i "input.mp4" \
-map 0:v -map 0:a -dn -map_chapters -1 -filter:v scale="1920:trunc(ow/a/2)*2" \
-movflags faststart -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng \
-c:v libx264 -c:a copy "output.mp4"

##### Another one but different
ffmpeg -y -i "input.mp4" -map 0:v -map 0:a \
-dn -map_chapters -1 -metadata:s:v:0 handler_name= -metadata:s:a:0 handler_name= \
-vf pad=ceil(iw/2)*2:ceil(ih/2)*2 -movflags faststart -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p \
-metadata:s:a:0 language=eng -c:v libx264 -c:a copy "output.mp4"

# https://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg-filters.html#eq
# To brighten only the dark scenes in a media file using FFmpeg, you can use the eq filter with a higher brightness value for dark scenes and a lower value for bright scenes. This will make the darker areas appear brighter while maintaining the brightness of the brighter areas.

1. Identify the threshold:
Determine a value for the brightness increase. This value will determine how much brighter the dark scenes will become.
2. Use the eq filter:
FFmpeg\'s eq filter allows you to adjust brightness, contrast, and gamma. Use the following format:

    ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "eq=brightness=brightness_value:contrast=contrast_value:saturation=saturation_value:gamma=gamma_value" output.mp4

* brightness_value: The value to increase brightness by (e.g., 0.1 for a 10% increase).
* contrast_value: The value to adjust the contrast by (e.g., 1.0 for no change, 1.2 for a 20% increase).
* saturation_value: The value to adjust saturation by (e.g., 1.0 for no change, 1.5 for a 50% increase).
* gamma_value: The value to adjust gamma by (e.g., 1.0 for no change, 1.5 for a 50% increase).

## Important Notes

> IMPORTANT TIP: The legacy FFmpeg video filter for color correction, including brightness, contrast, and saturation, was mp=eq2. It has since been deprecated and replaced by the eq filter.
> Attempting to use mp=eq2 in modern FFmpeg versions will result in an error.

The eq filter provides the same functionality with updated syntax. Here is an example of how the syntax changed:

### Legacy mp=eq2 syntax

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf mp=eq2=contrast:brightness:saturation:gamma output.mp4

### Modern eq Filter Syntax

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf eq=contrast=1.5:brightness=-0.1:saturation=1.2 output.mp4

The options can be specified by name, separated by colons (:), for clarity and to avoid the order-dependent issues of the older filter.

### Trial and Error

You might need to experiment with different brightness_value settings to achieve the desired result.

### Over-brightening

Be careful not to over-brighten the video, as it can cause white parts to appear washed out.

### Other Filters

You could also use other filters like gamma=1:1:1 for adjusting gamma.

## Example with Gamma Adjustment

    ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "eq=brightness=0.1:contrast=1.2:saturation=1.5:gamma=1.2" output.mp4

This command will increase the brightness by 10% (brightness=0.1), increase contrast by 20% (contrast=1.2), increase the saturation by 50% (saturation=1.5), and increase gamma by 20% (gamma=1.2).
In summary, by using the eq filter and experimenting with brightness, contrast, saturation, and gamma values, you can effectively brighten only the dark scenes in your media file while preserving the brightness of the already bright scenes.

find . -mount -depth -maxdepth 1 -regextype posix-extended -regex '.*\.mkv$|.*\.mp4$' -type f -exec bash -c 'echo "{}" $(ffprobe -loglevel error -select_streams a:0 -show_entries stream=codec_name,channels -of default=nw=1:nk=1 "{}")' \;

find . -mount -depth -maxdepth 1 -regextype posix-extended -regex '.*\.mkv$|.*\.mp4$' -type f -exec bash -c 'echo "{}" $(ffprobe -loglevel error -select_streams v:0 -show_entries stream=codec_name -of default=noprint_wrappers=1:nokey=1 "{}")' \;

find . -mount -depth -maxdepth 1 -regextype posix-extended -regex '.*\.mkv$|.*\.mp4$' -type f -exec bash -c 'echo "{}" $(ffprobe -loglevel error -select_streams v:0 -show_entries stream=bits_per_raw_sample -of default=nw=1:nk=1 "{}")' \;

for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -y -i "${f}" -i "${f/.mkv/.m4a}" \
-c:v copy -b:a:0 128k -filter_complex "[a:0]aresample=async=1000[a:0]" -movflags faststart -c:a:0 aac -c:a:1 copy -c:s copy \
-map 0:v:0 -map 1:0 -map 0:a:0 $(i=1; while [ $i -lt 28 ]; do echo -n "-map 0:s:$((i++)) "; done) \
-metadata:s:a:0 language=eng -disposition 0 -disposition:a:0 default -disposition:s:0 default -metadata:s:s:0 title= \
-metadata:s:a comment= -shortest "${f/.mkv/-modified.mkv}"; done

ffmpeg -i inputfile -profile:v baseline outputfile

# https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Concatenate
for f in *.mkv; do echo "file '$f'" >> mylist.txt; done
ffmpeg -f concat -safe 0 -i "mylist.txt" "output.mkv"

# With this example we will only map the English audio and subtitle streams if they exist:
ffmpeg -y -i "input.mkv" -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:m:language:eng -map "0:s:m:language:eng?" -c:v copy -codec:a copy -c:s srt "output.mkv"
for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -y -i "$f" -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:m:language:eng -map "0:s:m:language:eng?" -c:v copy -c:a copy -c:s copy "path/$f"; done

ffmpeg -i input.mkv -map 0 -map -0:s:m:handler_name:!dvd_subtitle -c copy output.mkv
for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -y -i "$f" -map 0 -map -0:s:m:handler_name:!dvd_subtitle -c copy "path/$f"; done

ffmpeg -y -i inputfile -itsoffset -500ms -f aac -i 'audio.aac' -map 0:v -map 1:0 -map 0:a:0 \
-disposition:a:0 default -disposition:a:1 0 -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng -metadata:s:a:1 \
language=eng -fflags +bitexact -flags:v +bitexact -flags:a +bitexact -ac 2 -c:v copy \
-c:a:0 aac -c:a:1 copy outputfile

# Calculate the bitrate you need by dividing your target size (in bits)
# by the video length (in seconds). For example for a target size of
# 1 GB (one gigabyte, which is 8 gigabits) and 10,000 seconds of video
# (2:h 46 min 40 s), use a bitrate of 800 000 bit/s (800 kbit/s):
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -b 800k output.mp4

for f in **/*.avi; do ffmpeg -i "$f" -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a -dn -map_chapters -1 \
-movflags faststart -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng \
-metadata:s:v:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 title= -c:v libx264 -c:a aac \
"../.working/${f/.avi/.mp4}"; done

ffmpeg -i inputfile -vf yadif -c:v libx264 -preset slow -crf 19 -c:a aac -b:a 192k -c:s srt -max_muxing_queue_size 400 outputfile
ffmpeg -i "interlaced.mkv" -vf yadif=1 -movflags +faststart -y -preset fast -profile:v high -crf 20 -ac 2 -b:a 192k -strict experimental -c:v libx264 -c:a aac "progressive.mkv"
# yadif=0 is normally the preferred option when deinterlacing video as yadif=1 will double the frame-rate of the output video
ffmpeg -i "interlaced.mkv" -vf yadif=0 -y -preset fast -profile:v high -crf 20 -ac 2 -b:a 192k -strict experimental -c:v libx264 -c:a aac "progressive.mkv"

ffmpeg -i inputfile -default_mode infer_no_subs -map 0 -map_chapters -1 -dn -vf "yadif=0, colorspace=all=bt709:iall=bt601-6-625:fast=1" -colorspace 1 -color_primaries 1 -color_trc 1 -b:v 6M -bufsize 6M -minrate 3M -maxrate 10M -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p -preset slow -channel_layout "5.1" -strict experimental -max_muxing_queue_size 400 -c:v libx264 -c:a aac -c:s copy outputfile

# standard
ffmpeg -y -vsync 0 -hwaccel cuda -hwaccel_output_format cuda -i inputfile -c:a copy -c:v h264_nvenc -preset p6 -tune hq -b:v 5M -bufsize 5M -maxrate 10M -qmin 0 -g 250 -bf 3 -b_ref_mode middle -temporal-aq 1 -rc-lookahead 20 -i_qfactor 0.75 -b_qfactor 1.1 outputfile

# for loop
for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -vsync 0 -hwaccel cuda -y -i "$f" -map 0 -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p -preset slow -vf "colorspace=all=bt709:iall=bt601-6-625:fast=1" -colorspace 1 -color_primaries 1 -color_trc 1 -codec:v h264_nvenc -codec:a copy -codec:s copy "${f/.mkv/-modified.mkv}"; done

# standard
ffmpeg -vsync 0 -hwaccel cuda -y -i inputfile -map 0 -vf "yadif=0, colorspace=all=bt709:iall=bt601-6-625:fast=1" -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p -preset slow -c:v h264_nvenc -c:a copy -c:s copy outputfile
# real-world example
ffmpeg -vsync 0 -hwaccel cuda -y -i inputfile.mkv -default_mode infer_no_subs -map 0 -map_chapters -1 -dn -metadata title="Movie Title" -metadata:s:v:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 title= -vf "yadif=0, colorspace=all=bt709:iall=bt601-6-625:fast=1" -colorspace 1 -color_primaries 1 -color_trc 1 -b:v 6M -bufsize 6M -minrate 3M -maxrate 10M -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p -preset slow -channel_layout "5.1" -strict experimental -max_muxing_queue_size 400 -c:v h264_nvenc -c:a aac -c:s copy outputfile.mkv
    

# verbose for loop:
for VAR in 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13; do ffmpeg -vsync 0 -hwaccel cuda -y -i "VTS_$(echo $VAR)_1.VOB" -movflags faststart -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:0 -dn -map_chapters -1 -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p -preset slow -x264-params "iall=bt601-6-625:fast=1" -color_range 1 -colorspace bt470bg -color_primaries bt470bg -color_trc gamma28 -metadata title="Title (year) S01E$(echo $VAR)" -metadata:s:a:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng -disposition:s 0 -b:v 2500k -minrate 1000k -maxrate 2500k -b:a 128k -codec:v h264_nvenc -channel_layout:a:0 "stereo" -codec:a aac "Title - S01E$VAR.mp4"; done
# less-verbose for loop:
for VAR in {01..13}; do ffmpeg -vsync 0 -hwaccel cuda -y -i "VTS_$(echo $VAR)_1.VOB" -movflags faststart -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:0 -dn -map_chapters -1 -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p -preset slow -x264-params "iall=bt601-6-625:fast=1" -color_range 1 -colorspace bt470bg -color_primaries bt470bg -color_trc gamma28 -metadata title="Title (year) S01E$(echo $VAR)" -metadata:s:a:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng -disposition:s 0 -b:v 2500k -minrate 1000k -maxrate 2500k -b:a 128k -codec:v h264_nvenc -channel_layout:a:0 "stereo" -codec:a aac "Title - S01E$VAR.mp4"; done
    

for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -y -i "$f" -default_mode infer_no_subs -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a -map "0:s?" -dn -map_chapters -1 -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p -preset slow -vf "colorspace=all=bt709:iall=bt601-6-625:fast=1" -colorspace 1 -color_primaries 1 -color_trc 1 -metadata:s:a:0 title= -codec:v libx264 -codec:a copy -codec:s copy "${f/.mkv/-modified.mkv}"; done
    

find . -depth -name '*.mkv' -type f -exec bash -c 'ffmpeg -i "$0" -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:0 -map 0:s:0? -movflags faststart -c:v libx264 -ac 6 -ar 48000 -b:a 768k -channel_layout "5.1" -c:a aac -c:s copy -crf 23 "${0/x265/x264}"' {} \;
    

find . -depth -name '*x265*.mkv' -type f -exec bash -c 'ffmpeg -i "$0" -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:0 -map 0:s? -movflags faststart -c:v libx264 -ac 6 -ar 48000 -b:a 768k -channel_layout "5.1" -c:a aac -c:s copy -crf 23 "${0/x265/x264}"' {} \;; find . -name '*x265*' -type f -delete
    

find . -depth -name '*x265*.mkv' -type f -exec bash -c 'ffmpeg -i "$0" -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:0 -map 0:s? -movflags faststart -c:v libx264 -preset slow -c:a copy -c:s copy -crf 23 "${0/x265/x264}"' {} \;; find . -name '*x265*' -type f -delete
    

find . -depth -name '*x265*.mkv' -type f -exec bash -c 'ffmpeg -i "$0" -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:0 -map 0:s? -c:v copy -ac 6 -ar 48000 -b:a 384k -channel_layout "5.1" -c:a aac -c:s copy "${0/x265/x264}"' {} \;; find . -name '*x265*' -type f -delete
    

# one-liner: Constant frame-rate with variable bitrate (VBR) nvidia hw-accel transcoding
for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -vsync 2 -hwaccel cuda -y -i "$f" -default_mode infer_no_subs -map 0 -map_chapters -1 -dn -metadata title="${f/.mkv/}" -metadata:s:v:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 title= -colorspace 1 -color_primaries 1 -color_trc 1 -r 24 -b:v 5M -minrate 3M -maxrate 8M -bufsize 10M -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p -preset slow -strict experimental -max_muxing_queue_size 400 -c:v h264_nvenc -c:a copy -c:s copy "$f"; done

# multi-lined: Constant frame-rate with variable bitrate (VBR) nvidia hw-accel transcoding
for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -vsync 2 -hwaccel cuda -y -i "$f" -default_mode infer_no_subs \
-map 0 -map_chapters -1 -dn -metadata title="${f/.mkv/}" -metadata:s:v:0 title= \
-metadata:s:a:0 title= -colorspace 1 -color_primaries 1 -color_trc 1 -r 24 \
-b:v 5M -minrate 3M -maxrate 8M -bufsize 10M -profile:v high -pix_fmt yuv420p -preset slow \
-strict experimental -max_muxing_queue_size 400 -c:v h264_nvenc -c:a copy -c:s copy \
"$f"; done
    

# adjust the fps interval to change the number of thumbnails generated
ffmpeg -loglevel verbose -i 'input.mkv' -vf fps=1/1000 thumb-%03d.jpg
# add "-discard nokey" in order to generate thumbnails faster since it does not need to scan the file for every keyframe
ffmpeg -discard nokey -i 'input.mkv' -vf fps=1/300 thumb-%03d.png
    

for f in *.avi; do ffmpeg -loglevel verbose -vsync 1 -hwaccel cuda -y -i "$f" -f srt -i "${f/avi/srt}" -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a -map 1:0 -dn -map_chapters -1 -movflags faststart -metadata title= -metadata:s:v:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 title= -metadata creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:v creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:a creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng -metadata:s:s:0 title= -metadata:s:s:0 language=eng -pix_fmt yuv420p -disposition:s:0 0 -c:v h264_nvenc -profile:v high -preset p5 -tune hq -b:v 0 -cq 30 -level:v 4.1 -rc vbr -cbr:v false -channel_layout "stereo" -c:a aac -c:s mov_text "${f/.avi/.mp4}"; done
    

for f in *.avi; do ffmpeg -loglevel verbose -vsync 2 -hwaccel cuda -y -i "$f" -f srt -i "${f/avi/srt}" -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a -map 1:0 -dn -map_chapters -1 -movflags faststart -metadata title= -metadata:s:v:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 title= -metadata creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:v creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:a creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng -metadata:s:s:0 title= -metadata:s:s:0 language=eng -pix_fmt yuv420p -disposition:s:0 0 -r 24 -c:v h264_nvenc -profile:v high -preset p5 -tune hq -b:v 0 -cq 28 -level:v 4.1 -rc vbr -cbr:v false -channel_layout "stereo" -c:a aac -c:s mov_text "${f/.avi/.mp4}"; done
    

for f in *.mp4; do ffmpeg -loglevel verbose -vsync 1 -hwaccel cuda -y -i "$f" -f srt -i "${f/avi/srt}" -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a -map 1:0 -dn -map_chapters -1 -movflags faststart -metadata title= -metadata:s:v:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 title= -metadata creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:v creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:a creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng -metadata:s:s:0 title= -metadata:s:s:0 language=eng -pix_fmt yuv420p -disposition:s:0 0 -c:v h264_nvenc -profile:v high -preset p5 -tune hq -b:v 0 -cq 30 -level:v 4.1 -rc vbr -cbr:v false -channel_layout "stereo" -c:a aac -c:s mov_text "${f/.avi/.mp4}"; done
    

for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -loglevel verbose -vsync 1 -hwaccel cuda -y -i "$f" -default_mode infer_no_subs -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a -map "0:s?" -dn -map_chapters -1 -r 24 -metadata title= -metadata:s:v:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 title= -metadata creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:v creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:a creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -pix_fmt yuv420p -disposition:s:0 0 -c:v h264_nvenc -profile:v high -preset p5 -tune hq -b:v 0 -cq 28 -level:v 4.1 -rc vbr -cbr:v false -c:a copy -c:s copy "${f/.mkv/-modified.mkv}"; done
    

for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -loglevel info -vsync 1 -hwaccel cuda -y -i "$f" -default_mode infer_no_subs -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a -map "0:s?" -dn -map_chapters -1 -metadata title= -metadata:s:v:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 title= -metadata creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:v creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:a creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -pix_fmt yuv420p -disposition:s:0 0 -c:v h264_nvenc -profile:v high -preset p5 -tune hq -b:v 0 -cq 28 -level:v 4.1 -rc vbr -cbr:v false -channel_layout "5.1" -c:a aac -c:s copy "${f/.mkv/-modified.mkv}"; done
    

for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -loglevel info -vsync 1 -hwaccel cuda -y -i "$f" -default_mode infer_no_subs -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a -map "0:s?" -dn -map_chapters -1 -metadata title= -metadata:s:v:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 title= -metadata creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:v creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:a creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -pix_fmt yuv420p -disposition:s:0 0 -c:v h264_nvenc -profile:v high -preset p5 -tune hq -b:v 0 -cq 23 -level:v 4.1 -rc vbr -cbr:v false -channel_layout "5.1" -c:a aac -c:s copy "${f/.mkv/-modified.mkv}"; done
    

for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -y -i "$f" -default_mode infer_no_subs -map 0 -dn -metadata title= -metadata:s:v:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 title= -metadata creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:v creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:a creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -disposition:v:0 default -disposition:a:0 default -disposition:s 0 -c:v copy -c:a copy -c:s copy "$f"; done
    

for f in */**.avi; do ffmpeg -loglevel verbose -vsync 1 -hwaccel cuda -y -i "$f" -default_mode infer_no_subs -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a -map "0:s?" -movflags faststart -dn -map_chapters -1 -r 24 -metadata title= -metadata:s:v:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 title= -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng -metadata creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:v creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -metadata:s:a creation_time="$(date --iso-8601=seconds)" -pix_fmt yuv420p -disposition:s:0 0 -disposition:v:0 default -disposition:a:0 default -c:v h264_nvenc -profile:v high -preset p5 -tune hq -b:v 0 -cq 28 -level:v 4.1 -rc vbr -cbr:v false -channel_layout:a:0 "stereo" -c:a aac -c:s srt "${f/avi/mp4}"; done